Skip to content
HowMuchCost

How we source prices

A cost site is worth exactly as much as its numbers, and a number with nothing behind it is worth nothing at all. This page sets out what has to be true before a figure appears on this site, and lists every source we currently draw on.

The three rules

Every price, range, average and percentage on this site has to satisfy all three. There is no fourth option where a figure appears anyway.

It names a source

Under the figure you get the publisher, the writer where the source carries a byline, the reviewer or fact-checker where it names one, and a link to the exact page. If we cannot attribute a number, it does not go on the page. Where a whole topic has no source we can stand behind, the page says so in place of the figure rather than filling the space.

It carries a date

Two of them. The first is the date the source itself last revised its figures, in the source’s own words: some say published, some say updated, and the difference matters. The second is when we last read it. Prices go stale fast and you should be able to see how stale without asking us.

It states the market and the currency

Everything here is United States pricing in USD. It appears under every figure, in the footer, and on every category page, because a cost guide that leaves the country unstated gets read as local pricing wherever the reader happens to be.

The rule is in the code, not in our good intentions

Rules that depend on discipline get broken on a busy afternoon. On this site the figures live in a data file where the shape holding a number has a required field for its source, and a check runs over every guide when the site is built. A figure pointing at a source that does not exist stops the build. So does a paragraph carrying a bare dollar amount with no publisher named in the same sentence.

That is a deliberately annoying constraint and it is the point of it. Publishing an unsourced price here is not something that can happen by accident, because there is no code path that renders one.

What happened to the old numbers

This site was rebuilt in September 2026. The version before it published 1,129 price figures across its pages and attached a source to none of them. There was not a single citation anywhere on the site.

None of those figures have been carried across. Every price you now see was looked up again from a named publisher and is reproduced as that publisher states it, which means some numbers have moved. Each guide says how many unsourced figures its previous version carried, at the bottom of the page.

Two claims from the old site have also gone. It said it monitored thousands of project invoices and ran a data engine updating regional labour rates daily, and it said it tracked thousands of local price variants. Neither was true, so neither survived.

What these numbers are not

They are not quotes. They are what other organisations have published about typical prices, which is a different and weaker thing than what a contractor will charge you on Tuesday. Use them to know whether a quote is reasonable, and get the quote in writing.

They are also national. Labour in an expensive metro runs well above a national average and rural pricing runs below it, so a figure that is accurate as a national range can be wrong for your street by a wide margin.

Where a source is weaker than we would like, the guide says so on the page rather than in a disclaimer nobody reads. Several pages carry a note explaining exactly which part of the figure we could not source to the standard we wanted.

Every source we use

121 sources, sorted by what kind of organisation publishes them. An official body publishing its own fees is stronger evidence than an editorial cost guide, and the list says which is which rather than levelling them.

The register, drawn

A bar for each kind of publisher in the register, 3 of them, sized by how many sources are of that kind, in the same order the lists below use.

A bar for each kind of publisher in the register, 3 of them, sized by how many sources are of that kind, in the same order the lists below use.

Official body 70 sources
Industry data 33 sources
Named publisher 18 sources

Counted from the register on this page when the site was built, so the bars and the lists cannot disagree.

Official body

  • 16 CFR Part 453, Funeral Industry Practices

    Electronic Code of Federal Regulations · Title 16 up to date as of 7 October 2026

    The current text of the Funeral Rule, published by the Office of the Federal Register. Its source line is 59 FR 1611 of 11 January 1994, and the eCFR version history shows no amendment to sections 453.1 to 453.9 since. Section 453.1 defines a funeral provider as one that sells or offers to sell funeral goods and funeral services to the public, and defines cash advance items; 453.2 requires price information by telephone, a casket price list before caskets are shown, an outer burial container price list, a General Price List to keep and an itemised statement. Neither section mentions posting prices online. The FTC opened a review in November 2022 and held a workshop in September 2023; no proposed or final rule had appeared in the Federal Register by 9 October 2026.

  • 38 CFR 38.630, Burial headstones and markers; medallions

    Electronic Code of Federal Regulations · Title 38 up to date as of 7 October 2026

    The regulation the Veterans Affairs headstone pages describe. It states that VA will not pay costs associated with installing a government burial headstone or marker for placement in a non-national cemetery, and will deliver it to that cemetery or to a receiving agent, and that a private or local government cemetery accepting one must certify that placement follows its own policies.

  • Hospital Price Transparency: Hospitals

    Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services · page last modified 10 March 2026

    The CMS page setting out what a hospital must publish: a single machine-readable file of gross charges, discounted cash prices, payer-specific negotiated charges and de-identified minimum and maximum negotiated charges for all items and services, and a display of at least 300 shoppable services a consumer can schedule in advance.

  • PPD skin test

    MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine · Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD · review date 13 December 2025

    The National Library of Medicine encyclopedia entry for the tuberculin skin test: the needle is placed under the top layer of skin, and the patient returns 48 to 72 hours later to have the reaction read. It covers the skin test only.

  • Spay Clinic Costs & Fee Schedule

    Sacramento SPCA · pricing effective 1 March 2026

    A nonprofit clinic publishing its own spay and neuter fee schedule: cats at one price for spay or neuter, dogs priced by weight band, animals between 3 months and 7 years old, with 20 and 50 percent discounts for named groups.

  • Summary of the 2026 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule Payment Provisions

    American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons · Epstein Becker & Green, for the association · memo dated 13 November 2025

    The surgeons' professional body summarising the final 2026 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule for its members. It gives the national payment for CPT 27447, total knee arthroplasty, as $1,159.64 for a clinician outside an advanced payment model and $1,165.46 for a qualifying participant, down 7.8% and 7.3% on 2025, on a conversion factor of $33.40. These are national amounts before Medicare's local adjustment.

  • 2026 National Physician Fee Schedule Relative Value File, October release (RVU26D)

    Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services · released 26 August 2026

    The file Medicare pays physicians from. Its row for CPT 27447 gives 34.71 total facility relative value units, a 090 global period, meaning the payment covers the operation and the 90 days after it, and a conversion factor of 33.4009, the same values as the January 2026 release.

  • MLN Matters MM14279, Medicare Deductible, Coinsurance & Premium Rates: CY 2026 Update

    Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services · change request released 5 December 2025, effective 1 January 2026

    Medicare's own 2026 rates: the Part A deductible of $1,736, and skilled nursing facility coinsurance of $217 a day for days 21 to 100 of a benefit period, with no coinsurance for days 1 to 20. These are what the patient owes under Original Medicare; the facility is paid separately.

  • The Cost

    Spay and Neuter Kansas · no date shown on the page; its page metadata records a change on 21 August 2025

    The clinic’s own price list. Two figures per row are the income-banded prices, and the clinic states that a household must be low income to qualify at all.

  • Spay/Neuter Clinic

    Humane Society of Sonoma County · effective 1 July 2026

    A humane society’s own dated price list. The price includes a physical exam, post-operative pain medication, a microchip, a nail trim and a cone collar.

  • Anatomic Pathology

    Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center · no date shown on the page

    The hospital's own published fee. Communal cremation, charged as part of an autopsy.

  • Cremation

    Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Utah State University · no date shown on the page

    The laboratory's own published price, quoted as a base fee plus a rate per pound.

  • End of Life Services

    Kansas Humane Society · no date shown on the page; its page metadata records a change on 14 September 2026

    A shelter publishing its own package prices, including what each package contains.

  • Botulinum Toxin Cost

    American Society of Plastic Surgeons · no date shown on the page; it cites "the latest statistics" from the society

    The society's own annual procedural statistics. Surgeon fee only.

  • USPTO fee schedule

    United States Patent and Trademark Office · effective 19 January 2025, last revised 14 August 2026

    The statutory fees the office charges, to the cent. Nothing here is an estimate.

  • Our Rates

    Armadale Kennel, Raleigh · last updated 24 March 2026

    The kennel's own rate card, in Raleigh, North Carolina. One flat nightly rate for a dog with no weight bands, itemised extras, and its own rules on which days are charged.

  • Dog Boarding in Nashville

    Hillcrest Kennel and Grooming, Nashville · no date shown on the page

    The kennel's own rate card, in Nashville, Tennessee, banded by the dog's weight. The page carries no effective date and states only that prices are subject to change.

  • Dog Boarding

    Riverside Veterinary Hospital, Scottsville · last updated 6 May 2026

    A veterinary hospital's own published boarding rates, in Scottsville, New York, including what it charges for two dogs from one family and the surcharges it adds at weekends and around holidays.

  • Dog Boarding

    Sydney's Pet Resort and Spa, Wichita · last updated 12 June 2026

    The resort's own published lodging prices, for its Wichita and Leawood locations in Kansas, tiered by room and banded by the dog's weight, with a stated warning that prices vary during peak periods.

  • Dog Training Nashville Prices and Plans

    Off Leash K9 Training Nashville · last updated 15 July 2026

    The trainer's own published price list, in Nashville, Tennessee. Twelve named programs from a puppy consultation to a four week board and train, each with the lessons or weeks it buys and the commands it covers.

  • Dog Training Classes

    PetSmart · no date shown on the page, offers running to 27 September 2026

    A national chain's own published class and package prices, with the retail value and the bundled saving stated for each package. The page shows no publication date, but carries promotional offers running to 27 September 2026, so the prices were current when read.

  • Adolescent Dog Training Classes

    Oregon Humane Society · last updated 8 September 2026

    A nonprofit's own published class prices for dogs of six to eighteen months, at its Portland and Salem campuses in Oregon, including a price rise it publishes in advance with the date it takes effect.

  • Puppy Classes

    Oregon Humane Society, puppy classes · last updated 8 September 2026

    The same nonprofit's published prices for puppies under six months, including drop-in socialisation sessions sold singly or in a five pack, which are the cheapest published training figures on this page.

  • Dog Grooming Services and Pricing

    Renee's Dog Grooming, Orlando · last updated 14 May 2025

    An independent salon's own price grid in Orlando, Florida, crossing four groom types against three size bands, with the inclusion list for each groom and separately priced add-ons. The salon states that prices vary by breed, coat condition and style of groom, and marks several figures as a starting point.

  • Dog Grooming and Cat Grooming Services

    PetSmart · no date shown on the page

    The chain's own published prices for quick services and walk-in washes. It describes its full grooming packages without pricing them, and states that prices vary by store, breed, coat condition, day and service time. The page shows no publication date.

  • Pet Grooming

    Sydney's Pet Resort and Spa, Wichita · last updated 4 November 2025

    A pet resort salon's own published prices at its Wichita and Leawood locations in Kansas, banded into four sizes for a bath and nail trim, with separately priced shampoo and deshedding. It describes its full groom packages and states that those prices vary by breed.

  • The FTC Funeral Rule

    Federal Trade Commission · dated July 2012 on the page, with no later revision shown; the page metadata records an edit on 4 March 2024

    The federal regulator setting out what a funeral provider must give you: a written, itemised General Price List that is yours to keep, price information by telephone on request without giving your name, a casket price list before you are shown the caskets, and an itemised statement before you pay.

  • Funeral Costs and Pricing Checklist

    Federal Trade Commission, funeral pricing checklist · dated July 2012 on the page, with no later revision shown; the page metadata records an edit on 4 March 2024

    The regulator’s own breakdown of what a funeral bill is made of: a non-declinable basic services fee, charges for other services and merchandise, and cash advances bought from outside vendors on your behalf. It names what belongs in each, which is the structure of the checklist on this page.

  • General Price List

    Tulip Cremation Northern California · prices effective 29 July 2026

    A direct cremation provider's own General Price List, licence FD 2322, San Francisco, California. Read from the published PDF, and the itemised page was checked against a rendering of the document because two text extractions disagreed about which amount belonged to which line. THE NAME IS KEPT AS THE PRICE LIST CARRIES IT. On 25 September 2026 this URL began resolving onto altogetherfuneral.com, which the estate ruling treats as a sign that a provider has been renamed or acquired. The destination page was opened and read: it still calls itself Tulip Cremation, still says Tulip Cremation is a cremation service in San Francisco serving Northern and Central California, and still says Established 2017. It states no acquisition and no rename in its own words, and the only mention of Altogether is in a newsletter consent line, so the entry keeps the name the price list carried rather than asserting a corporate change nobody has published. The figures stand as published on their own stated date.

  • General Price List

    Dryden Funeral Home, Heflin, Alabama · prices in effect as of 1 October 2026

    A traditional funeral home's own General Price List, published as a PDF, with four package offerings priced whole and the basic services fee and arranging fee itemised separately underneath them.

  • General Price List

    Plummer Funeral Home, Decatur, Georgia · effective 1 April 2026

    A traditional funeral home's own itemised General Price List, published as a web page rather than a download, listing each service and its price separately with no package pricing at all.

  • Consumer Guide to Funeral and Cemetery Purchases

    California Cemetery and Funeral Bureau · no date shown on the document

    The California state regulator, which goes further than the federal rule: a funeral establishment that has a website must either post its General Price List on that website, or list all of its goods and services there and provide the price list on request. The document itself carries no publication date.

  • What Is Green Burial?

    Green Burial Council · last updated 15 April 2026

    The certifying body, defining green burial against conventional burial and setting out the three levels of cemetery certification it awards: hybrid, natural and conservation. Cited for the practice and the standards, never for a price.

  • Hospital Price Transparency

    Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services · page last modified 16 September 2026

    The rule itself. CMS states that starting 1 January 2021 each hospital operating in the United States is required to publish pricing information online in two ways, as a comprehensive machine-readable file with all items and services and as a display of shoppable services in a consumer-friendly format, that CMS audits a sample of hospitals and investigates complaints, and that hospitals may face civil monetary penalties for noncompliance. Cited for the obligation and the enforcement, never for a price.

  • Hospital Price Transparency: Consumers

    Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services · page last modified 10 September 2024

    CMS's own description of what a hospital must make public: standard charges including the rates they negotiate with insurance companies and the discounted price a hospital is willing to accept directly from a patient if paid in cash. Cited for what the files are supposed to contain, which is how this page can say what a given file leaves out.

  • Price transparency: standard charges machine-readable file

    The University of Chicago Medical Center · Attested by Chris Allen · file last_updated_on 1 April 2026

    The hospital's own machine-readable file, 363488183_the-university-of-chicago-medical-center_standardcharges.json, schema version 3.0.0, carrying the attestation required by 45 CFR 180.50 that the information encoded is true, accurate and complete as of the date in the file. At MS-DRG level it publishes no gross charge and no discounted cash price, and instead names each health plan and the rate agreed with it, alongside a minimum and a maximum.

  • Billing and insurance: standard charges machine-readable file

    Oregon Health & Science University · Attested by Sandy Catalan · file last_updated_on 23 March 2026

    The hospital's own machine-readable file, 931176109_Oregon-Health-and-Science-University_standardcharges.csv, schema version 3.0.0, carrying the same attestation under 45 CFR 180.50. At MS-DRG level it publishes no gross charge, no discounted cash price and no dollar amount against any individual plan: every plan row is a formula, and the file publishes a minimum and a maximum beside them.

  • Standard charges machine-readable file

    NYU Langone Tisch Hospital · Attested by Karim Habibi · file last_updated_on 1 January 2026

    The hospital's own machine-readable file, 133971298-1801992631_nyu-langone-tisch_standardcharges.csv, schema version 3.0.0, hospital_name NYU Langone and location_name Tisch Hospital, carrying the same attestation under 45 CFR 180.50. It publishes both MS-DRG and APR-DRG rows; only the MS-DRG rows are quoted here, so that the bundle being priced is the same one the other two hospitals price.

  • Pricing and estimates: standard charges machine-readable file

    Boston Medical Center · Attested by Christopher Abate · file last_updated_on 13 March 2026

    The hospital's own machine-readable file, 043314093_BostonMedicalCenter_standardcharges.csv, schema version 3.0.0, carrying the attestation required by 45 CFR 180.50 that the information encoded is true, accurate and complete as of the date in the file. Unlike its inpatient rows, its imaging rows carry a gross charge, a discounted cash price and a rate for each named health plan, which is why this page can answer the question about paying without insurance from a published figure rather than an estimate.

  • Self-Pay Price List

    Advanced Medical Imaging · prices effective as of 2026; no date more precise than the year is stated

    The Florida imaging practice publishes its own prompt-pay fees, with the radiologist interpretation and report included. Its routine ultrasound price is a category price without a CPT code. The page says exact coding and clinical requirements must be confirmed and that the prompt-pay prices do not apply to patients with insurance coverage. Only its own prices and terms are used here; its comparisons with hospital charges are left alone.

  • Standard charges machine-readable file

    Franklin Memorial Hospital · Attested by Kenneth Olsen · file last_updated_on 9 September 2025

    The hospital's own machine-readable file, 010238552-1922791417_mainehealth_standardcharges.csv, schema version 3.0.0, published by MaineHealth for its Franklin Memorial Hospital location in Farmington, Maine, and carrying the same attestation under 45 CFR 180.50. It is the oldest of the three files quoted here and is said rather than smoothed. On every imaging row its discounted cash price is identical to its gross charge.

  • Burial Benefits

    Department of Veterans Affairs · last updated 20 February 2026

    The National Cemetery Administration's own statement of what it furnishes and what it charges for. It states that a government headstone or marker is furnished at no charge to the applicant for the unmarked grave of an eligible Veteran in any cemetery around the world regardless of the date of death, that one may also be furnished where the grave already has a privately purchased stone if the Veteran died on or after a stated date, that a medallion is an alternative for a privately purchased stone where the Veteran served on or after a stated date and that a Veteran may have one or the other and not both, that only an eligible Veteran may receive a government stone for placement in a private cemetery, and that a spouse or dependent buried in a national cemetery has their name and dates inscribed on the Veteran's headstone at no cost to the family. It also states that choosing a commemorative urn or plaque permanently forfeits interment in a national cemetery and any headstone, marker or medallion in any cemetery, and that the decision cannot be undone.

  • Headstones, Markers, and Medallions

    Department of Veterans Affairs, headstones and markers · last updated 9 September 2022

    The same administration on the question the benefit page does not answer: who sets the stone and who pays for that. It states that cemetery staff in national, military post and military base cemeteries set the headstone or marker at no cost to the applicant, that some state Veterans' cemeteries may charge the applicant a nominal fee for setting a government-furnished stone, and that arrangements for setting one in a private cemetery are the applicant's responsibility with all placement costs at private expense. It is the older of the two Veterans Affairs pages used here and is said with that age attached.

  • City Cemetery Fees July 1, 2026 to June 30, 2027

    Salt Lake City Cemetery · fees effective 1 July 2026 to 30 June 2027

    A municipal cemetery publishing its whole fee schedule, dated by the fiscal year it applies to. Its headstone line is headed Head Stone Monitoring and is priced in three steps by the form of the stone rather than by its value: flat, upright, and oversize with a variance required. The schedule does not say what the monitoring fee covers beyond its name, and it is not restated here as a setting or foundation fee. Every other fee on the schedule is quoted as it is printed, including the split between resident and non-resident that the headstone line alone does not have.

  • Buying a Cemetery Site

    Federal Trade Commission · dated July 2012 on the page, with no later revision shown; the page metadata records an edit on 4 March 2024

    The regulator describing the part of a burial its own Funeral Rule does not reach. It states that the Funeral Rule does not cover cemeteries and mausoleums unless they sell both funeral goods and funeral services, and it names the type of monument a cemetery allows as something to ask about before buying a site. Cited for the scope of the rule and for that question, never for a price: the page is old enough that its cost prose is not used here at all.

  • Procedure Price Lookup for Outpatient Services, code 44360

    Medicare · no date is readable on the page; its figures are rendered by script and were not read

    The government's own outpatient price lookup, cited here for ONE fact and no figure: that it publishes a page for code 44360, and that this page is the only official result on the first page of results for this search. Its dollar amounts are drawn by script rather than served in the page, and neither a fetch nor the embedded browser could read them, so nothing numeric from it is quoted and no claim is made about what it says. The code's identity is taken from the hospital files' own descriptions rather than from here.

  • Passport Fees

    U.S. Department of State · last updated 19 March 2026

    The department that issues the passport, publishing its own fee schedule. It gives the application fee for a book, a card and both together, separately for an adult applying for the first time, an adult eligible to renew by mail or online, and a child under 16; the facility acceptance fee charged where an application is handed in; the expedited service fee and the 1 to 3 day return delivery fee; and the fee for correcting a data error. Its own sentence is the whole point of the page built from it: when you apply in person at a passport acceptance facility, you will need to pay 2 fees, one to the U.S. Department of State and one to the facility where you submit your application. The page was read in a real browser because the site refuses an ordinary fetch.

  • Testing for Tuberculosis

    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · last updated 17 June 2024

    The federal public health agency's own page on the two TB tests, cited for how each is done and no figure: for the skin test a provider uses a small needle to put testing material under the skin and the person returns in two to three days to see if there is a reaction; the blood tests, also called interferon-gamma release assays, use a blood sample. The site refuses an ordinary fetch, so the page was read through a fetch service on 1 October 2026.

  • CPT code 55400, Repair Procedures on the Vas Deferens

    AAPC · undated code reference

    The coding association's reference page for the code, cited only for where the American Medical Association's code set files it: under repair procedures on the vas deferens. No figure.

  • CPT code 54900, Repair Procedures on the Epididymis

    AAPC · undated code reference

    The coding association's reference page for the code, cited only for where the American Medical Association's code set files it and its neighbour 54901: under repair procedures on the epididymis. No figure.

  • GetTested: National HIV, STD, and Hepatitis Testing

    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · undated locator page

    The federal locator for HIV, STI and viral hepatitis testing near a ZIP code, run by CDC's National Prevention Information Network. Cited for its own statement that many clinics provide confidential and free or low-cost testing. No figure.

  • Adult Influenza Vaccine Price List, October 2026

    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · prices last reviewed or updated 1 October 2026

    The federal list of the contracts the CDC holds with each flu vaccine maker for the 2026 to 2027 season. For each brand it prints two prices per dose: the CDC's own contract price, which public health programs pay, and the private sector price. It prices the vaccine alone; a fee for giving it is charged separately. The PDF refuses an ordinary fetch, so it was read through a fetch service on 5 October 2026.

  • Flu vaccines (Medicare.gov coverage page)

    Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services · no revision date shown on the page

    Medicare's own coverage page. It states that Part B covers the seasonal flu vaccine, usually once each flu season, and that you pay nothing for it if the provider giving it accepts assignment. No figure.

  • Preventive care benefits for adults

    HealthCare.gov · no revision date shown on the page

    The federal Marketplace site, run by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. It lists flu among the adult immunizations generally covered at no cost when given by an in-network provider, even before the deductible is met, and says coverage may vary and that no cost is not guaranteed in all cases. No figure.

  • Cost of Constructing a Home: 2024

    National Association of Home Builders · Eric Lynch, Economics and Housing Policy · report dated 20 January 2025

    NAHB's biennial Construction Cost Survey. A questionnaire went to a representative sample of 4,000 home builders about the typical single-family home each firm built during 2024, and after an outlier analysis usable responses came from 41 builders. Each line is every cost the builder paid for that item: labour paid directly, subcontractors and materials, however they were bought. National averages only; the report says the sample is too small for a geographic breakdown and that it is not a tool for estimating a particular house in a particular location. The PDF is linked from the Eye on Housing post of 23 January 2025 and its text was extracted locally on 8 October 2026.

  • Monthly New Residential Sales, August 2026 (release CB26-155, jointly with HUD)

    U.S. Census Bureau · released 24 September 2026

    The joint Census Bureau and HUD monthly release on sales of new single-family houses, from the Survey of Construction. Sales prices include the value of the improved lot. The release notes that price changes reflect shifts in which houses sold as well as price changes for identical houses, that the figures are preliminary and subject to revision, and marks with an asterisk any change whose 90 percent confidence interval includes zero.

  • Characteristics of New Housing, annual 2025 data: sales price, price per square foot and floor area tables

    U.S. Census Bureau · annual 2025 data published 1 July 2026

    Annual tables from the Survey of Construction. The price per square foot table excludes the value of the improved lot and the sales price table includes it, both stated in the table headers. The Bureau gives a relative standard error of 2 percent on the national median price per square foot, 4 percent on the national median sales price and 13 percent on the Northeast price per square foot. Read from the Bureau's own XLS tables soldpricesqft_cust.xls, soldprice_cust.xls and soldsquarefeet_cust.xls.

  • Custom Home Premium Highest Since 2011 (Eye on Housing)

    National Association of Home Builders · Natalia Siniavskaia · published 14 September 2026

    NAHB's analysis of the Census Bureau's Survey of Construction for single-family detached houses started in 2025. The custom figure is the median contract price per square foot for houses built on land the owner already holds, so no lot is in it; the spec figure is the median sale price per square foot after the improved lot value is excluded.

  • United States Mint 2025 Annual Report

    United States Mint · covers the fiscal year ended 30 September 2025; transmitted with the Treasury OIG audit dated 26 February 2026

    The Mint's own audited annual report. The table Unit Cost of Producing and Distributing Coins by Denomination gives, per coin shipped, the cost of goods sold, the selling, general and administrative allocation and the cost of distribution to Federal Reserve Banks, for circulating coins only, with comparative columns for the two prior fiscal years. The table Shipments, Costs, and Seigniorage by Denomination gives the value shipped, the gross cost and the resulting seigniorage per denomination. usmint.gov refuses a scripted fetch, so the report was read from the byte-identical copy attached to Treasury OIG audit report OIG-26-021.

  • Coin Specifications

    United States Mint · no date shown on the page

    The Mint stating the composition, weight and diameter of each circulating coin it makes. Read in a real browser because the site refuses an ordinary fetch. Restored on 12 October 2026: the 9 October cleanup removed it as unused, but the coin pages name it in their prose, so it was a citation with no entry behind it.

  • Procedure Price Lookup for Outpatient Services

    Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services · no date shown on the page; it gives national averages based on Medicare's 2026 payments and copayments

    Medicare's own national averages for an outpatient procedure, split by hospital outpatient department and ambulatory surgical center. For each it gives what Medicare pays, what the patient pays on average, and the total of the facility fee and the doctor's fee. Medicare rates are set by the government, so they work as a national benchmark; a private plan or a cash payer is charged its own price. Figures were read from the JSON the lookup page loads, saved in docs/research/cms-ppl-2026-10-12.json. Tests the tool does not cover, such as an EKG, an echocardiogram, a mammogram or an emergency visit, are not priced from it.

  • Business and Professions Code section 6146

    California Legislative Information · amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 17 (AB 35), effective 1 January 2023, the version in force when read

    The California Legislature's own publication of the code. The section caps an attorney's contingency fee in a medical malpractice action at 25 per cent of a recovery settled before a complaint or arbitration demand is filed and 33 per cent after, with more allowed only on a motion granted for good cause where the case is tried or arbitrated. Read in a real browser on 12 October 2026, when its amendment history showed AB 35 as the latest change.

  • 28 U.S.C. 2678, Attorney fees; penalty

    Office of the Law Revision Counsel, US House of Representatives · United States Code current through Public Law 119-120, 7 October 2026

    The Federal Tort Claims Act fee limit: no attorney may charge more than 25 per cent of a judgment or of a settlement after suit, or 20 per cent of an administrative settlement, on a claim against the United States. The section text was read from the Cornell Legal Information Institute copy because the House viewer was not rendering sections that day; the currency date is the House site's own. The percentages were set by Pub. L. 89-506 in 1966.

  • Frequent Questions on the Phasedown of Hydrofluorocarbons

    US Environmental Protection Agency · last updated 14 September 2026

    The agency answering homeowners on the HFC phasedown: existing air conditioners can be repaired for their useful life, including a major component such as a condensing unit or compressor, with a similar R-410A part.

  • Homeowners and Consumers: Frequently Asked Questions

    US Environmental Protection Agency · last updated 1 April 2026

    The agency stating that no new HCFC-22 (R-22) has been made or imported into the United States since 1 January 2020, that reclaimed R-22 remains available, and that it does not require homeowners to replace existing equipment.

  • City of San Diego Fiscal Year 2026 User Fee Schedule

    City of San Diego · effective 1 July 2025

    The city's adopted fee schedule. Its Owner Requested Euthanasia rows list a shelter fee, a fee per visit, a per-animal fee at the shelter or in the field, and cremation by weight. The schedule does not say which rows are added together for one dog.

  • Owner Requested Euthanasia

    Connecticut Humane Society · no date shown on the page; its page metadata records a change on 24 June 2026

    A humane society's own price list for pets brought to it, banded by the pet's weight, with euthanasia alone and with communal or private cremation. Individual cremation includes the ashes returned in an urn. Owners may not be present for the procedure.

  • Euthanasia and Cremation

    Dane County Humane Society · no date shown on the page; its page metadata records a change on 26 May 2026

    A humane society in Madison, Wisconsin, publishing its own fees, plus tax, for euthanasia with the owner absent or present, alone or with communal or private cremation.

  • Owner-Requested Euthanasia

    Suncoast Humane Society · no date shown on the page; its page metadata records a change on 2 September 2026

    A humane society in Englewood, Florida, publishing its own service fees. Its private cremation price includes an ink and clay paw print, a wooden urn and a card.

  • Euthanasia Services

    Peninsula Humane Society & SPCA · no date shown on the page; its page metadata records a change on 21 August 2026

    The shelter states that the County of San Mateo sets all its euthanasia fees and receives the proceeds. Private cremation costs extra and is not priced on the page.

Industry data

  • How Much Does Garage Door Repair Cost?

    HomeGuide · Tamatha Hazen · Edited by Tara Farmer, fact-checked by Kristen Cramer · updated 6 January 2026

    Estimates homeowners report receiving from contractors through HomeGuide.

  • How Much Does Furnace Repair Cost?

    HomeGuide · Sarah Noel · Fact-checked by Tom Grupa · updated 27 August 2025

    Research plus project costs reported by HomeGuide members.

  • How Much Does Gutter Cleaning Cost?

    HomeGuide · Sarah Noel · Edited by Tara Farmer, fact-checked by Tom Grupa · updated 7 November 2025

    Research plus project costs reported by HomeGuide members.

  • How Much Does Mold Removal and Remediation Cost?

    HomeGuide · Kristen Cramer · updated 5 February 2026

  • How Much Does AC Repair Cost?

    HomeGuide · Kristen Cramer · updated 22 August 2025

  • AC Repair Cost

    Fixr · updated 29 January 2026

  • Dryer Vent Cleaning Cost

    HomeGuide · Sarah Noel · updated 29 April 2024

  • How Much Does Dryer Vent Cleaning Cost? [2026 Data]

    Angi · Dan Simms · updated 8 July 2026

    A cost guide from the home services marketplace. Only figures from the article text and its tables are used; the price box at the top of the page is localised to the reader's location and none of it is quoted.

  • Furnace Inspection Cost in 2026

    Angi · Deane Biermeier · updated 9 July 2026

    A cost guide from the home services marketplace. Only figures from the article text and its tables are used; the localised price box at the top of the page is not quoted.

  • How Much Does Door Installation Cost?

    Angi · Nick P. Cellucci · updated 23 September 2026

    A cost guide from the home services marketplace, which states its national average comes from 6,453 verified projects reported by Angi pros. It covers doors of every kind, interior ones included, so it is not specific to a front door.

  • How Much Do Garage Door Repairs Cost? [2026 Data]

    Angi · Mitchell Grant · updated 3 August 2026

  • How Much Does Fence Installation Cost? [2026 Data]

    Angi · Paige Bennett · Jenny He · updated 3 August 2026

    A cost guide from the home services marketplace. It gives installed prices per linear foot by material and does not split material from labour.

  • How Much Does a Chimney Sweep Cost? [2026 Data]

    Angi · Nick P. Cellucci · updated 10 July 2026

  • How Much Does a Retaining Wall Cost?

    HomeGuide · Tara Farmer · updated 16 January 2026

  • How Much Does It Cost to Finish a Basement?

    HomeGuide · Jennifer Carlson · updated 6 February 2026

  • How Much Does It Cost to Paint a House Exterior?

    HomeGuide · Jennifer Carlson · updated 9 July 2025

  • How Much Does Fence Installation Cost?

    HomeGuide · Sarah Noel · updated 3 February 2026

  • How Much Should I Charge as a Lawyer? Average lawyer hourly rate by state and practice area

    Clio · updated March 2026, covering 2025 data

    Aggregated, anonymised billing data from tens of thousands of US legal professionals, published annually in the Legal Trends Report.

  • How much does a furnace tune-up and inspection cost?

    HomeGuide · Sarah Noel · Edited by HomeGuide editorial staff, fact-checked by Tom Grupa · updated 29 April 2024

    Research and project costs reported by HomeGuide members. Inspection prices include the technician call-out fee within nearby service areas only. The page refuses an ordinary fetch, so it was read through a fetch service on 5 October 2026.

  • How Much Does HVAC Maintenance Cost?

    Fixr · updated 30 January 2026

  • How Much Does a Chimney Sweep Cost?

    HomeGuide · Sarah Noel · Edited by Jennifer Carlson, fact-checked by Kristen Cramer · updated 9 February 2026

    HomeGuide says it uses its own cost database, research and collaboration with industry experts. Its prices by chimney type include a level 1 inspection. The page refuses an ordinary fetch, so it was read through a fetch service on 5 October 2026.

  • How Much Does a Roof Replacement Cost in 2026?

    Fixr · Dan Simms · updated 4 February 2026

    A cost guide that says it gathers figures from pricing databases, licensed contractors and industry experts. Its material table assumes a 1,700 square foot house with about 2,000 square feet of roof. The page names the same person as writer and reviewer.

  • How Much Does a Roof Replacement Cost?

    HomeGuide · Kristen Cramer · Tom Grupa (fact-checked) · dated 7 November 2025 beside the byline

    Cost data from research and project costs reported by HomeGuide members, in its own words. Its house size table assumes a single-storey house with a 6:12 roof pitch.

  • Roofing Reality Check: Risk Is Rising Even in Quiet Storm Years

    Verisk · released 29 May 2026

    The press release for the 2026 Verisk U.S. Roof Report, which draws on Verisk's property, claims and weather analytics. Its averages are for residential roof replacements and repairs in insurance claims in 2025, which it says everyday wind and hail events drove, so they are not the same measure as a homeowner's quote for a planned replacement.

  • How Much Does A Furnace Repair Cost?

    Fixr · Carol J. Alexander · updated 29 August 2025

    A cost guide that says it gathers figures from pricing databases, licensed contractors and industry experts.

  • How Much Does Mold Remediation Cost?

    Fixr · Adam Graham · David Ayers · updated 29 August 2025

    A cost guide that says it gathers figures from pricing databases, licensed contractors and industry experts. Its reviewer holds mold assessment and remediation certifications.

  • How Much Does It Cost to Finish a Basement? [2026 Data]

    Angi · Rachel Hoffman · updated 9 July 2026

    A cost guide from the home services marketplace, read in a real browser because the site refuses an ordinary fetch. Only figures from the article text and its tables are used; the localised price box is not quoted.

  • How Much Do HVAC Repairs Cost?

    Angi · Mitchell Grant · updated 4 August 2026

    A cost guide from the home services marketplace covering heating and cooling repairs together. Read in a real browser because the site refuses an ordinary fetch. Only figures from the article text and its tables are used; the localised price box is not quoted.

  • How much does it cost to repair a central AC system?

    Thumbtack · Thumbtack Staff · last updated 10 July 2026

    The services marketplace says it tracks the estimates its users get from local professionals and does its own research, and that its national average and range come from Thumbtack data. Its refrigerant section describes the R-22 phaseout in terms the EPA has since overtaken, so nothing from that section is used.

  • Car Shipping Cost Calculator

    Sherpa Auto Transport · Tim DeMille (certified by) · updated July 2026

    A car shipping broker's own figures, based on 335,037 shipments it arranged. Its typical range is the 25th to 75th percentile of what those shipments cost. The page does not say over what period the shipments ran, and the data comes from a company that sells the service.

  • How Much Does a Privacy Fence Cost?

    HomeGuide · Sarah Noel · Kristen Cramer (fact-checked) · dated 22 December 2025 beside the byline

    HomeGuide says it tracks millions of estimates homeowners get from contractors. Its per-foot figures are installed prices; its material table is for fences up to 6 feet tall and its cost breakdown for 6-foot privacy fences. Its vinyl section gives $40 to $85 per foot where its tables give $40 to $60; the tables are quoted here.

  • Wood Fence Cost 2026

    Ergeon · Jenny He · updated 1 July 2026

    A fence installer publishing prices from its own installs, which it says number 41,420 wood fences in the US. It sells fence installation.

  • 6 Foot Privacy Fence Cost Per Foot (2026 Installed)

    Kodiak Fence Co. · Jake Champion, Kodiak Fence Co. · last updated 13 July 2026

    A fence contractor in the Kansas City area publishing installed prices for a 6-foot privacy fence by material, which it describes as 2026 US averages. The price includes posts set in concrete, hardware, permit and labour. These are one company's prices, from one metro.

Named publisher

  • How Much Do Dental Braces Cost?

    CareCredit · Stephanie Dwilson · Dr. Jorge Oaxaca, D.D.S. · dated 19 July 2025

  • 7 Teeth Straightening Options

    CareCredit · Kristin Driver · Dr. Jorge Oaxaca, D.D.S. · dated 12 June 2026

  • Cracked Windshield Repair & Replacement Guide

    CARFAX · published 23 January 2026

  • How Much Does a Windshield Replacement Cost?

    The Pricer · updated 22 July 2026

  • How Much Does BOTOX Cost?

    CareCredit · Kate Bayless · published 10 July 2026

  • Hair Transplant Cost and Procedure Guide

    CareCredit · Adrienne Santos-Longhurst · published 24 July 2026

  • LASIK Eye Surgery Cost

    CareCredit · Stephanie Dwilson · published 5 December 2025

  • Invisalign Cost and Financing

    CareCredit · Adrienne Santos-Longhurst · published 28 March 2025

  • How Much Does a MAACO Paint Job Cost?

    The Pricer · updated 9 July 2026

    Advertised chain pricing plus quotes readers report.

  • How Much Does Psychiatry Cost? A Complete Guide

    Project Healthy Minds · updated 25 November 2025

    A non-profit mental health organisation.

  • How Much Does Marriage Counseling Cost?

    Choosing Therapy · Kimberly Panganiban, LMFT · Medically reviewed by Kristen Fuller, MD · published 4 May 2023, updated 17 December 2025

  • Vasectomy reversal

    Mayo Clinic · no revision date shown on the page

    The hospital's patient page on the operation, cited for how it is done and no figure: a vasovasostomy sews the cut ends of each vas deferens back together; a vasoepididymostomy attaches the vas deferens to the epididymis and is more complicated; it is not possible to know ahead of time which is needed, and in most cases the surgeon decides during the operation; the procedure is generally done as an outpatient; and it may be expensive, and insurance might not cover it. The site refuses an ordinary fetch, so the page was read through a fetch service on 1 October 2026.

  • Treasurer strikes final pennies at Philadelphia Mint

    Reuters · Andrea Shalal · published 12 November 2025

    Wire coverage of the last circulating pennies being struck at the Philadelphia Mint on 12 November 2025, five coins struck by US Treasurer Brandon Beach, with the Treasury's statement that ending production saves about $56 million a year in material costs. It also records that President Trump ordered the halt in February 2025 and that pennies remain legal tender.

  • How Much Does Gutter Cleaning Cost?

    This Old House · Stephanie Minasian-Koncewicz · updated 17 June 2026

    The guide says its cost data is based on pricing from LeafFilter and other local gutter contractors and on estimates from Angi and Modernize. LeafFilter sells gutter guards, so its average appointment figure is not quoted here; the per-foot table by storey is.

  • How Much Does It Cost To Paint a House Exterior?

    This Old House · Alexis Carthan · updated 6 March 2026

    The guide says its figures are based on contractor estimates from Homewyse and material costs from The Home Depot.

  • How Much Does a Retaining Wall Cost in 2026?

    LawnStarter · Michelle Selzer · updated 5 October 2026

    A lawn and landscaping marketplace's cost guide. It states no method for its figures.

  • How Much Does It Cost to Ship a Car in 2026?

    Kelley Blue Book · Chris Hardesty · dated 12 January 2026 beside the byline

    Quotes from eight transport companies for shipping a 2025 Honda Accord on an open carrier from Orlando. The page adds an editor's note that it has been updated since first published, without a date. Its prose names the distances as 500, 1,200 and 2,000 miles while its table is headed 500, 1,000 and 2,500; the table figures are the ones quoted here.

  • Dog Euthanasia Cost in 2026: A Gentle Price Guide

    Webvet · Webvet Editorial Team · Dr. Pippa Elliott, BVMS MRCVS (medically reviewed 3 July 2026) · updated 23 August 2026

    A national cost guide. It names no data source for its prices and says its figures are general guides to confirm with a local provider. Used here only for what a private vet clinic and a home visit cost, which no dated price list read for this page covers.

If a figure is wrong

Check it against the source. Every figure here carries the publisher and the date that publisher put on it, which is the whole reason those two things are printed: a price that has moved shows up as a disagreement between this page and the source it names, and the source wins. Guides are reviewed and redated when that happens.

Page reviewed September 2026.

Have a cost question?

Have a cost question?

Is there a price you could not find here, or a figure that looks wrong? Ask, and a person reads it and replies.